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Bhaurao Patil
Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil ( Marathi - कर्मवीर भाऊराव पाटील) (September 22, 1887 - May 9, 1959), born in Kumbhoj, Kolhapur, was a social activist and educator in Maharashtra, India. A strong advocate of mass education, he founded the Rayat Education Society. Bhaurao played an important role in educating backward castes and low income people by coining the philosophy ''earn and learn''. He was a prominent member of ''Satyashodhak Samaj'' (Truth seeker's society), founded by Mahatma Jotirao Phule. The people of Maharashtra honoured him with the sobriquet ''Karmaveer'' (King of actions) and the Government of India awarded him with Padma Bhushan in 1959.
==Life==
Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil was born in a Jain farmer family at Kumbhoj in Kolhapur district. Bhaurao's father was clerk in the revenue department for East India company. Bhaurao is one of the first few Jains known to have passed 8th class of secondary school. During childhood, Bhaurao was heavily influenced by Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj, honorable Maharaj of Kolhapur, who provided the facility to Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil to stay in the palace of Kolhapur with Maharaj to study, and the King of Kolhapur who was promoter of social equality and education people belonging to backward castes. Eventually, his father sent him at Kolhapur for further education, where he got in contact with Satya Shodhak Movement and found other sources of inspiration, Mahatma Phule and Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde. Bhaurao garnered political interest and decided to tell his role in the fight for Indian freedom struggle by working in other beneficial fields like public education. While he worked for Ogles, Kirloskars and Coopers he participated in activities of Satya Shodhak Samaj. He had realized by then that the only remedy for the social evils of those times was the education of the masses. In 1919, he started a hostel where kids from lower castes and poor families could stay and get an education, while working to pay the expenses. This was the foundation of what later became Rayat Shikshan Sansthan.
As Bhaurao started working on his program to educate the masses, Gandhiji had also launched his campaign to free India (independence movement). During a public meeting in 1921, Bhaurao happened to come across Gandhiji at Mumbai. He was highly impressed by Gandhi's appearance in a loin cloth and his philosophy of Khadi. Following this encounter, Bhaurao decided to adopt Khadi attire and follow Gandhian principles in everyday living. Eventually he vowed to see it to completion, establishing 101 schools in Gandhi's name. However, Gandhiji and Bhaurao had a difference of opinion on the subject of accepting grants from government for educational activities in post-independence India. Gandhiji believed that even if the government wanted to give grants in aid to an educational institute (or institutes) without putting any restrictions on the institute(s), this would eventually devolve into edicts and oversight. No one can expect to receive money without conditions forever. Bhaurao had no such problem with accepting grants from government.''The bountiful banyan'' is the biography of karmaveer bhaurao patil written by barrister P. G. Patil. Pandurang Ganapati Patil is an educationist of Maharashtra, India.
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